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An underbite, known medically as mandibular prognathism or bimaxillary prognathism, can impact your facial esthetics and oral health.
In this blog, we will explore the nature and causes of maxillary prognathism, including genetic and environmental factors. We will provide a comprehensive overview of treatment options, ranging from orthodontic intervention to corrective jaw surgery.
Mandibular prognathism, commonly known as an underbite, can affect both appearance and oral function. Treatment options include orthodontic treatment and surgical intervention by an oral surgeon. Oral surgeons and orthodontics usually work together to create a customized treatment plan for each patient.
What Is Mandibular Prognathism?
Mandibular prognathism or an underbite is a skeletal class III malocclusion where the lower teeth and jaw protrude beyond the upper teeth.
This results in an unbalanced appearance, with the lower jaw appearing larger than the upper jaw.
Signs and Symptoms
The most noticeable sign of mandibular prognathism is a protruding lower jaw or receding upper jaw.
This can affect facial esthetics and cause difficulties with biting and chewing food. Additionally, it may lead to speech impediments such as a lisp or difficulty pronouncing certain sounds.
Individuals with mandibular prognathism may also experience jaw pain or discomfort due to teeth grinding (bruxism) or posturing caused by the misalignment of their teeth and facial skeleton.
Causes of Mandibular Prognathism
Mandibular prognathism has been linked to both genetic and environmental factors.
In some cases, it may be inherited from family members who also have an underbite or a similar jaw structure.
Additionally, certain genetic conditions and syndromes can contribute to the development of mandibular prognathism.
Diagnosis and Treatment Options
Diagnosing mandibular prognathism involves a thorough orthodontic evaluation, which will include X-rays, dental impressions or digital scans, and facial analysis.
Early intervention is crucial for effective treatment in children and may involve braces or headgear to guide proper jaw and facial growth.
In adults, surgical correction through orthognathic surgery (jaw surgery) is often the most effective treatment option.
This procedure involves repositioning the upper and lower jaw to achieve a more balanced and functional bite. In most cases, orthodontic treatment will be recommended before and after surgery for optimal results.
Benefits of Correcting An Underbite
Treating an underbite offers a range of life-changing benefits, including:
- Improved facial harmony
- Better alignment of the teeth and skeleton and thus improved bite functionality
- Easier chewing and digestion due to proper jaw alignment
- Improvement in speech clarity and reduction of speech impediments
- Reduced jaw pain, discomfort, and less risk of developing TMJ disorders
- Increased self-confidence and overall quality of life
The Role of an Oral Surgeon in Treatment
Oral surgeons and orthodontists play complementary roles in the treatment of mandibular prognathism, working collaboratively to ensure comprehensive care.
The orthodontist typically initiates the process with a detailed evaluation of the patient’s dental structure and alignment. This involves using braces or other orthodontic appliances to align the teeth and prepare the jaw for potential surgical procedures.
The oral surgeon is responsible for the surgical aspect, which may involve orthognathic surgery to reposition the jaw for better alignment and function.
Coordination between the two specialists is crucial, as the orthodontist may continue to adjust dental appliances before and after surgery to ensure the teeth and jaw align correctly.
This collaborative approach ensures the most effective treatment plan is implemented, improving both the aesthetic and functional outcomes for the patient.
| Aspect | Details |
| Definition | Mandibular prognathism is a skeletal class III malocclusion where the lower jaw protrudes beyond the upper jaw. |
| Signs and Symptoms | Protruding lower jaw or receding upper jaw, difficulties with biting and chewing, speech impediments, and jaw pain due to bruxism. |
| Causes | Genetic inheritance, genetic conditions and syndromes, and facial trauma. |
| Diagnosis | Orthodontic evaluation including X-rays, dental impressions, and facial analysis. |
| Treatment Options | Early intervention with braces or headgear for children; orthognathic surgery for adults, likely combined with orthodontic treatment. |
| Role of Specialists | Coordination between orthodontists for dental alignment and oral surgeons for surgical repositioning of the jaw. |
| Benefits of Treatment | Improved facial harmony, better bite functionality, enhanced speech clarity, reduced jaw discomfort, increased self-confidence. |
You Are in Good Hands at AZ Max Oral Surgery
Addressing an underbite is essential for maintaining optimal oral health and functionality.
Beyond esthetics, correcting mandibular prognathism can significantly improve your ability to chew and speak.
Our dedicated team of oral surgeons are committed to providing you with comprehensive care tailored to your unique needs.
If you are experiencing any issues related to your jaw alignment, schedule a consultation at one of our 5 locations. To book an appointment in Mesa, North Mesa, Queen Creek, Tempe or Show Low, call (480) 830-5866 or complete the online inquiry form.
FAQs About Mandibular Prognathism
Mandibular prognathism, which is characterized by an overgrowth of the upper jaw, can be treated through various methods depending on the severity of the condition.
Common treatment options include:
Orthodontic treatment: Braces or aligners can help realign teeth and improve bite function.
Surgical intervention: In more severe cases, orthognathic surgery may be necessary to reposition the maxilla (upper jaw) or mandible (lower jaw), or both. Functional appliances: These devices can be used in growing children to guide jaw development and correct the position of the maxilla or mandible.
While mandibular prognathism can be inherited through genetics or genetic syndromes, habits like thumb sucking or tongue thrusting during development may contribute to the condition, as may facial trauma.
A dental evaluation, including X-rays and facial analysis, can help diagnose mandibular prognathism. Some common signs to look out for include a protruding lower jaw or receding upper jaw, difficulties with biting and chewing, speech impediments, and jaw pain due to bruxism. If you suspect that you may have this condition, it is best to consult with an orthodontist or oral surgeon for proper diagnosis and treatment.
While early intervention in childhood can prevent the condition from progressing and may eliminate the need for surgery later on, mandibular prognathism can still be treated in adults through orthognathic surgery and orthodontic treatment. However, the best results are often achieved when treated earlier in life as the jaw bones are still developing and more malleable.
